The New York Police Department said Saturday that Jathiyah Richards was arrested on assault, child endangerment and menacing charges.
Authorities say the 47-year-old allegedly punched the boy in the face after an argument in a Bronx bodega on Aug. 19.
The boy told WCBS-TV that his attacker had told him he should have been more polite to a store clerk.
When he told her it was none of her business, the woman allegedly attacked him.
The boy suffered a nosebleed, but declined medical attention.
It was not immediately clear whether Richards had an attorney who could comment on her behalf.